چكيده به لاتين
Environmental protection and energy supply are serious challenges of human beings. Building industries account as the hugest consumer of natural resources and international reserves that would greenhouse gas emissions. Consumable energy in life cycle of building is divided into two categories, Operational energy and Embodied energy. Embodied energy is the energy consumed by all of the processes associated with the production of a building from the mining and processing of natural resources to manufacturing, transportation and product delivery. Also operational energy is the energy consumed by beneficiaries in operating time of a building. Studies have shown embodied energy of a building in developing countries are about twice of same building in development countries. Whatever optimizing of operational energy increase, share of embodied energy will be increase too, then this point shows the importance of embodied energy optimization. Now the main question is how we could design structure of a building due to the embodied energy? The aim of this study is to provide a solution that designs a concrete structure with the lowest value of embodied energy in different steps.
In the first chapter general topics and structure of study to be discussed, In second chapter the literatures of topic have been reviewed, In Third chapter research methodology has been explained, In fourth chapter results of study has been shown and finally in fifth chapter, study has been concluded and recommendations for future research are presented.
In this study, for calculating embodied energy of reinforced concrete structure, various factors like dimension of concrete members, concrete materials and grade of steel bars have been considered. For this purpose 81 separated models have designed by ETABS software and according to the results, tried to find some simple solution to reduce embodied energy in designing steps.
Results have shown that we could reduce large amount of embodied energy in reinforced concrete structures by proper selection of members dimension and steel to concrete usage ratio. Also suitable concrete mixture and usage of fly ash and Pozzolan and using of recycled materials will decrease level of embodied energy significantly.
Keywords: Embodied Energy, Structural Design, Optimization, Energy Consumption Saving
