چكيده به لاتين
Sound pollution has become one of the biggest environment problems along with industrial advances and spread of new technologies in recent decades. Due to the increasing number of vehicles in urban traffic and the high role of them in noise pollution, the need to curb their disturbing noise is more than ever before. Significant contributions of noise from internal combustion engines are scattered through the exhaust system, and thus, improving the efficiency of automotive mufflers can be fundamental solution to improving the quality of life; especially in cities. Thus, in many countries, such as Iran, they have adopted norms and regulations concerning the noise of cars, and they have become more rigorous every day, and the car manufacturers have been forced to follow them. In this research, which seeks to improve the internal structure of the Saipa Tiba-2's rear muffler, in order to reduce the output noise level, increase the brake power of the engine and also adjuste the tonality of sound, GT-SUITE software is used for simulation and analysis of the engine and exhaust system synchronously. In the first step, three-dimensional modeling of various parts of the exhaust system, such as the middle silencer, rear muffler and conecting pipes, has been done and after replacing them in the engine model, some processes have been carried out based on the data for verification. Subsequently, Characteristic variables of the muffler for selecting input variables in optimization processes are sensivity analysed in two part of 12 and 23 parametrs and then, based on the desired goals, 6 simultaneous optimization processes of the 5 variable are defined based on the genetic algorithm with different approaches and the optimum amount of variables are obtainrd during totally 1200 itterations. The results of these processes include 2.35 dB improvement at total order sound pressure level and 1.40% increase in engine brake power output. In addition, with the aim of achievement to the wished sound tonality at thet end of muffler, a decrease of 2.13 dB at the 8th order of sound pressure level to achieve Bass sound and a decrease of 1.38 dB in the 2nd order of second pressure level to achieve Trable sound are the other achievements of this research. Since the muffler structure is optimized for specified rotational speed, in order to ensurance of the desired performance of the muffler and engine together, they are remodeled by optimal amounts of parameters and the reaults are compared with the base model, which indicates improvement in performance in hole engine operating range.
Keywords:
Muffler, Optimization, GT-SUITE, Noise