چكيده به لاتين
as the number of actors in a smart grid increases, restraining the synergy between them for raising the efficiency of the grid becomes of paramount importance. For this purpose, Virtual Power Plant (VPP) concept has been defined to aggregate some of the smart grid actors as a whole. However, formation and management of a VPP results in a number of challenges. To be more specific, these actors should reach an agreement for maximizing the value of energy services as a VPP. Finding actors that complete each other and using them to form a VPP with the purpose of higher benefits is essential for Distributed Energy Resources (DERs). On the other hand, from the grid’s point of view, lower error on prediction of generation is important to rely more on renewable energies. In this work, we have defined a framework based on Game Theory for VPP formation and have discussed the trade-off between two aforementioned benefits. In our approach, we have used one of game theory’s approaches named “cooperative blocking game theory” used for coalition formation problems. In addition, we have applied a rewarding price method to incentivize DERs to form VPPs. Moreover, we have suggested three different utility functions to be used in simulations. Finally, we compared their performances from different aspects with each other and implemented the suggested approach in NetLogo, which is a simulation environment for multi-agent problems.
Keywords: Smart Grid, Virtual Power Plants, Game Theory, Coalition Formation
