چكيده به لاتين
There are several methods for safety analysis, one of the earliest and most widely used methods is the use of crash data. Using crash data for safety analysis is a passive approach. First, there should be a large number of accidents (over a period of several years) so that the analyst can assess the safety level of the traffic facilities using available statistical methods and propose security measures to improve the traffic safety situation. Therefore, using this approach can not be estimated the effect of a corrective action to improve safety before the implementation of the plan. For this reason, alternative indicators of traffic accidents or traffic conflicts were introduced to carry out safety analyzes. Traffic interceptions were first observed and recorded by a team of trained people. But this method faced major challenges. Some of these challenges were: costly, the need for trained people, the dependence of identifying conflicts on the judgment of observers, which led to inconsistent results of studies in this area. With the advancement of technology, imaging and image processing technology was used to calculate traffic conflicts. But this method is both time consuming and cost effective.
In this research, we intend to provide a model for predicting intersection crashes using simulated traffic interactions in the software. This method is a combination of the two previous methods. In this way, first, we obtain information such as intersection geometric properties, peak hours in all approaches, queue lengths in intersection approaches, and eventually the number of accidents occurring in the last few years. This information is used to simulate intersections in simulator software. Then, the software output for the intersections into the SSAM software, and we calculate the number of intersection traffic conflicts. Finally, a model will be introduced in order to express the frequency of accidents occurring at intersections by the calculated traffic interference. Unlike the above methods, this method is both an active and cost-effective approach, and is not time-consuming.
