چكيده به لاتين
Spurred by the severe degradation of natural resources, ever-increasing the environmental concerns and energy demand, renewable energy sources (RESs) have aroused interests worldwide. Among many types of RESs, solar energy is the most promising alternative to conventional energy sources since it is relatively distributed evenly around the world. One typical way to generate solar power is employing photovoltaic (PV) systems, which harness sunlight and turn it into electricity using semiconductor devices. Unlike their inherent advantageous features, photovoltaic systems have not yet penetrated the market adequately due to their high price against other electricity generation options. To propel this fledgling industry further towards commercialization, the efficient and effective design of its supply chain is of paramount importance.
In this regard, in this research, four models are proposed to design and plan solar photovoltaic supply chains. In the first model, different areas for solar plants are evaluated according to a set of social, geographical and technical criteria through a data envelopment analysis model. In the second model, a two-phase approach based on data envelopment analysis and optimization models is presented, which determines both strategic and tactical decisions of photovoltaic supply chain, providing optimal solutions for the related decisions. The third model minimizes the environmental impact of all included activities in the concerned supply chain in addition to minimizing the total costs. To quantify and assess the relevant environmental impacts, a life cycle assessment-based model is carried out. Finally, a resilient photovoltaic supply chain considering both business-as-usual and hazard uncertainties is developed. The capabilities of the developed models are explored by discussing a real case study via which helpful managerial insights are gained.
