چكيده به لاتين
Over the past decades, significant efforts have been made to find the suitable bone replacement by researchers. At the beginning, researchers have been paying attention to metallic alternatives. Corrosion of metals can be considered as one of the main weaknesses in the use of these materials as bone replacement, since the corrosion phenomenon of metals in the human body, in addition to reducing mechanical properties, releases highly toxic metal ions, which causes inflammatory reactions in the individual's body. Accordingly, in recent years, significant efforts have been made to replace the more appropriate substance, which has led to the opening of a gate called bone tissue engineering. The effect of natural and synthetic hydroxyapatite on the mechanical and biological properties of scaffolds made of hydroxyapatite, carbon nanotubes and gelatin has been investigated. Hip bones of camel, sheep, cattle and middle bone of the whitefish have been used as a source of natural hydroxyapatite. The results showed that the intensity of critical points in natural HA samples was significantly higher relative to the synthetic HA, which the highest increase has been obtained in the natural hydroxyapatite from the camel bone. Also, according to SEM images obtained from the cross-sectional area of scaffolds, the samples have cavities in the range of 140-150 μm that are suitable for bone tissue engineering applications. Also, cavities’ correlation in samples containing natural hydroxyapatite obtained from camel, cattle and fish bones has a favorable situation. The data obtained from the MTT test show that the cell viability in the scaffolds of the natural hydroxyapatite is higher than the synthetic hydroxyapatite, which this is more favorable in scaffolds made from natural hydroxyapatite obtained from camel bone by 96%.
