چكيده به لاتين
Abstract
In this dissertation, it is attempted to attain the principles and strategies for reducing heat transfer in contemporary residential buildings by analyzing the environmental and climatic conditions of the project site. It has also attempted to extract principles and solutions of vernacular residential buildings that have been tested over time by trial and error according to the local climatic conditions by studying and classifying them on their site. The purpose of this process is not to achieve a completely different solution to the usual designs, but to achieve a logical process for designing a residential complex with optimal proportion, orientation and configuration in the hot and dry climate of Semnan.
The effect of the thermal resistance of the exterior envelopes of buildings, on the rate of heat transfer reduction, is quite clear. Evaluating the thermal performance of vernacular and contemporary exterior building envelopes systems can be very effective in improving and increasing their thermal resistance.
In this research, the optimal and economic structure of the exterior envelope of buildings is analyzed in terms of material layers and their thickness.
The research method in this paper is based on library studies, simulation, and optimization. Ubakus, BuildDesk, Galapagos, Grasshopper software are employed to simulate and calculate the thermal characteristics, which were extracted and compared to the calculated data according to the Code 19 of Iranian National Building Regulations. The composition of material layers in different scenarios has been analyzed using the above softwares to achieve the optimum amount of U-value and thickness of the layers in hot and dry climates.
As a result, the optimum envelope thickness is the composition of adobe and Hollow clay block with the thickness of 41 cm (envelope thickness without insulation=47Cm). Considering the U-value of 1/02 for the exterior envelope, the most optimal exterior envelope thickness with one type of material is the Hollow clay block envelope with air insulation (with a total exterior envelope thickness of 37 cm).
The proposed research method can be the basis for the development of comprehensive design thermal comfort guidelines and methods for optimizing the thermal performances of the exterior envelope in residential units of hot and dry climate. It can also provide a new field in this research for other researchers by considering insulating layers, window-to-wall ratio, layers layout (The location of individual layers), layers overlap, considering more main layers and even considering the exterior envelope materials, etc.
Keywords: Thermal Performance, Exterior envelope, U-value, Optimization, Time-lag, Residential complex
