چكيده به لاتين
Interpersonal distances, as the metric measure between two individuals, have been identified as a quantitative variable in the regulation of interpersonal relationships, the distance which people consider towards one another, which depends on environmental, social, cultural, and individual factors, and thus the way using spaces or furniture is the result. However, despite the extensive research on Interpersonal distance between two participants, a limited number of them have examined interpersonal distance among more than two people or during group activities. Therefore, a research gap exists about Interpersonal distance among groups or gathering members participating in a specific activity. Interpersonal distances appear to have a significant influence on architectural dimensions of space and design, and knowing the dimensions of these distances can affect the magnitude of space and the furniture layouts. For this reason, it seems that conducting a field survey that enables measuring these distances and observing the behavior of individuals can provide solutions to find the distances between group members and their impact on interior space design. In this project, we first studied the previous researches on interpersonal distances, variables affecting them and the effect of group membership on the performance of individuals. Finally, these findings have led to a theoretical model in order to establish the theoretical basis of this study. According to Hall(1966) and other researchers in this field, Models have been established for measuring the distance between two individuals, but the author has found limited information on the influence of group and the effect of group activity on quantitative results of these dimensions, which could lead us to new design strategies. Finally, based on the theoretical model, we designed activities that helped us understand and examine the effect of these activities on the interpersonal distance among group participants. Based on the field research method, we were able to test our hypothesis. The experiment was held at Iran University of Science and Technology. The subjects were selected from undergraduate students of the Faculty of Architecture, categorized in four groups according to their college entry year. Then, the observations results transferred to raw data using machine vision algorithms which were statistically analyzed. Based on our findings, in order to design an atelier, the recommended average space per capital and the space required for a group of 4 are optimally 2.73 and 5.26 square meters, respectively. Finally, the results lead to design an atelier.
