چكيده به لاتين
global energy demand is increasing day by day, and it is important to increase oil extraction from existing oil reservoir. Hence, Enhanced Oil Recovery (EOR) methods have been introduced in oil production process. water flooding is one of the simplest and cheapest ways to sweep and produce oil. But after water flooding, more than 70 percent of the oil remains in reservoir. One of the major challenges in water flooding is the heterogeneity of the reservoir structure which causes water cut increase and reduced oil recovery. Many reservoirs have a geological heterogeneity problem. In addition, long-term water or chemical flooding may cause more horizontal and vertical heterogeneity in the reservoir. Water production increases the cost of oil and water separation, corrosion, environmental pollution and so on. To increase EOR efficiency selective blocking of high permeability zones and improved sweep efficiency in low permeability zones is important.
use of hydrogels for injected fluid control, especially in recent years, has been associated with various field successes, indicating that these materials are capable of selectively blocking high permeability areas and fractures in the reservoir. Hydrogels are used after water or polymer flooding and direct injection fluid to low permeable areas.
in This thesis, we explain types of hydrogels used in ٍEOR process, and then a laboratory hydrogel injection process in glass micromodels that resemble rock-porous space is simulated using Comsol multiphysics software and we study Hydrogels performance to improve low-permeability recovery factor.
Finally, the effect of different hydrogel parameters on oil recovery factor is investigated using a heterogeneous two-layer micromodel. water or polymer flooding which is usually done before hydrogel flooding is also investigated. For this purpose, the effect of different parameters is studied separately and then the effective parameters are optimized.
