چكيده به لاتين
People's participation in urban development programs increases the feasibility and reduces the undesirable effects of these projects. On the other hand, the lack of transparency in the economic advantages of the projects does not allow people to play an effective role in the process of preparing and implementing the project. Also, economic advantages must also be shared in a balanced way, especially for poor communities where most urban planning decisions have negative impacts on their lives. This study aimed to extract indicators of attitude of citizens toward economic advantages of local plans. The fundamental question in this case is the differences between the attitude of citizens and urban planners and the reasons for these differences. In order to achieve the purpose of this research, different theories such as Kerch's theories, social interaction, etc. have been used to extract information needed to assess the attitude of citizens. Also, due to the proposed approach of participatory urban planning in the world and the necessity to use it in the preparation and implementation of urban projects in Iran, various theories such as James Millie's theory, Ernststein's theory of participation, Parsons' theory of participation, etc. have been studied. Thus, evaluation of citizens' attitudes toward the economic advantages of local urban projects can pave the way for reducing the gap between the planners and citizens. For this purpose, list of Mashhad's local plans was prepared and plans were scored according to experts' opinion on indicators. On chapter 4, data analysis, the documents of local plans were examined based on the indicators proposed in literature review, and the opinions of the citizens were collected in the form of a questionnaire. Finally, by comparing these two topics, the gap between planners and citizens was explained. According to the study, the gap between citizens and planners was divided into four categories of claims, preferences, expectations, and claims-expectations. Also, the reasons for the gap between planners and citizens can be classified into four categories: institutional, theoretical, executive and project flaws. Lack of attention to the position of planners, lack of participatory thinking, financial constraints and failure to fulfill promises and lack of attention to creating economic benefits are the most important contexts for creating gaps. At the end of the study, solutions were proposed to resolve the gap between citizens and planners.
