چكيده به لاتين
The manufacturing industry includes a high risk of occupational accidents and injuries. As a result, safety investment in the manufacturing industry is very important. The point here is to analyze the cost of safety versus the benefits of this investment. In fact, investing in safety should be economically viable. Therefore, when deciding on a safe investment, two possible conditions for insufficient investment and additional investment must be considered. The purpose of this dissertation is to propose a framework for optimal investment decisions in construction projects. For this purpose, the existing risks in the construction industry were first identified according to previous studies. These risks included unexpected events risk, accident risk, physical risk, and chemical risk. Then, these risks were prioritized using Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) and 55 AHP questionnaires. In the next stage, the safety investment costs of 11 first-tier companies in Tehran were examined and the optimal safety investment ratio was determined. Finally, occupational risk prioritization were found as: unexpected events risk, accident risk, physical risk and chemical risk, respectively. The optimal ratio of safety investment to the contract amount was 1.64%. The ratio was also 1.6% for small construction companies and 1.65% for large projects. The results showed that 1.64% of the contract amount should be used to prevent accidents and this investment should be considered primarily to prevent damages caused by unforeseen accidents and then to prevent Include costs arising from accident risks, physical risks and chemical risks.
