چكيده به لاتين
Deep brain stimulation (DBS) is a new approach to applications such as Parkinson's disease, epilepsy, and memory enhancement. One of the uses of DBS is to control and create movement in animals. The aim of this project is to control and create movement in the Redtail catfish using deep brain stimulation in the midbrain locomotor area online and offline. The movements that the redtail catfish use for swimming include left subcarangiform (turning of the fish tail to the left) which causes the head of the fish to turn to the left, right subcarangiform (turning of the fish tail to the right), The periodic subcarangiform, which causes the fish to swim forward, and the movements of the pectoral fins to diving and rising.
First, the catfish brain locomotor map was prepared, which creates movements such as: subcarangiform to the left and right, periodic subcarangiform, dive and rise movement, and gill movement. In this locomotor map, at a distance of 10-12 mm from the rostral part of the brain and at a depth of 4-6 mm from the surface of the cerebellum, electrical stimulation on the midline causes periodic subcarangiform movements and at a distance of 1-2 mm From the midline in each hemisphere of the brain, electrical stimulation induced the subcarangiform movement toward the site of stimulation. Then, to create online movement in the catfish, a two-dimensional microelectrode array was made consist of 8 electrodes, each row with 4 electrodes with a distance of 1 mm between the electrodes and a diameter of 150 μm for each electrode. By implanting a microelectrode array made in the catfish's brain and applying electrical stimulation, left subcarangiform movements to the lef, right subcarangiform, and periodic subcarangiform were created online in the catfish. To investigate the effect of electrical stimulation parameters such as pulse amplitude, pulse width, frequency and stimulation duration on the induced movements in the online state, the stimulation protocol was used to examine the effect of the parameters separately. In left and right subcarangiform movements, the angle of turning of the fish tail was used to quantify the effect of electrical stimulation parameters on the movement. In the periodic subcarangiform, the amount of distance that the fish moved forward due to electrical stimulation was also measured. According to the results, with increasing pulse amplitude, pulse width and frequency, the amount of tail turning angle and the distance traveled by the fish also increases, and the pulse amplitude and pulse width have a greatest effect than the frequency on the intensity of the induced movement in the catfish. To evaluate the stimulation duration, electrical stimulation was applied to the catfish intermittently and continuously, which was not significantly different between the two types of stimulation, but in intermittent electrical stimulation, the number of movements in fish was constant than continuous stimulation.
