چكيده به لاتين
Growth pattern and spatial development have significant effect on urban structure. Current cities contain diversity of quantitative and qualitative affairs. Growth pattern and spatial development of cities and subsequent formation of human habitats is crucial issue which should not be neglected. The subject of morphology by examining the physical aspect of the city due to formation reasons, physical changes, continuity and altering of the transitions, beside affairs of sociology such as lifestyle, could help in order to better identifying and planning the urban fabric, based on citizen’s demands. The vacuity in examining the physical- social transitions is not particularly associated with Iran, while this issue could be seen in throughout the world especially under development countries, which are facing the incompatibility between development of physical aspect of the city and modern planning. This research seeks to describe the physical characteristics of urban fabric not to describe the shape of the city, but to social planning and the effects of urban morphology on people's lifestyles, as well as investigating on the lifestyle and its effects on urban morphology. This study aims to understanding the interaction of urban morphology and lifestyle and determining the effect of spatial index on diverse urban fabrics and the impact of these spatial and physical index and criteria on societal organization and people’s lifestyle. The research has been carried out on 10 selected neighbourhood in Mashhad, which have been chosen due to physical differences by experts with scoring. The sample size was distributed and responded according to Cochran's formula and the neighbourhoods clustered randomly. The obtained data categorized by factor analyse model and the score of each factor in neighbourhoods is calculated and according to the morphology of the neighbourhoods, the correlation of lifestyle factors with neighbourhood morphological criteria was measured. Due to given analysis and obtained numbers from people’s attitude and correlations, it has been concluded that the set of lifestyle factors can influence the urban fabric and the urban fabric can also influence the lifestyle and behaviour of citizens. In our current cities, there are significant differences between varied parts of the city in terms of physical aspect of the city and people’s lifestyle. Given that it is desirable for people to achieve tranquility and dignity in cities, this physical and social gap in cities cannot help to achieve this goal. Mashhad has been also expanded rapidly to create different urban neighbourhoods, which have different lifestyles and physical features, each of which has its own physical and social issues. According to the research, it can be positively influenced by improving the lifestyle on the physical aspect of the city and improving the urban physic on lifestyle. In this study, raising public awareness and social bonds at the neighbourhood scale, and social literacy are the most effective factors of lifestyle in influencing physical formation in Mashhad. Physical factors consist of: defined neighbourhood centres, local streets with special identity, traffic calming, appropriate sidewalks, urban space and haunts in order to gathering and suitable urban services, are the most effective factors on people’s lifestyle in Mashhad.
Keywords: Urban morphology, physical changes, lifestyle, Mashhad
