چكيده به لاتين
In recent decades, urbanization and the rapid growth of industrialization have led to the release of high heat energy and increased air pollution in the lower atmosphere, resulting in many changes in the meteorological committees of the boundary layer of the urban atmosphere. The expansion of urbanization and physical characteristics of the city is one of the main reasons for these temperature changes, therefore, the present study tries to investigate the morphological and physical factors affecting urban temperature changes in the metropolis of Tehran. The method of the present research is applied in terms of purpose and analytical-descriptive and quantitative in terms of method and nature. In this study, using remote sensing tools, the temperature map of Tehran using Landsat 8 satellite images for August 7, 2019 as one of the hottest days of 2019 (the most up-to-date urban planning information) has been obtained. . Based on the produced map, the western part of Tehran (areas of areas 5, 21 and mainly 22) has been selected as the study area and the physical and morphological indicators affecting its urban temperature have been obtained through documents and field surveys. Continuing the relationship and correlation between urban morphology factors affecting urban temperature changes such as activity and land use indices, vegetation, percentage of vacant plots, geometry and orientation of passages, average building height, average building density, texture compactness, sky view index, occupancy level Mass, impermeable surfaces and materials in the study areas have been analyzed by classical statistical modeling (multivariate linear regression. As a result of the mentioned studies, the most effective factors in increasing the urban temperature, respectively, the indicators of "percentage of surface area built in the sample", "general direction of passages in the sample", "percentage of vegetation area in the sample", "average building height" have a negative relationship with increasing Air temperature and the indicators of "percentage of street asphalt area in the sample", "average width of passages in the sample" and "percentage of dry and barren lands in the sample" have a positive relationship with increasing air temperature. In the continuation of the research, using three-dimensional simulation in Envi-met software environment, the most effective indicators were validated. Finally, according to the analysis of the results obtained from the studies, the proposed simulation plan and solutions to reduce the temperature of the city in the study areas are presented.
