چكيده به لاتين
Today, one of the most important issues in architecture is the provision of office space lighting by daylight. Atrium is one of the ways to provide daylight in office spaces. Atriums can reduce energy consumption by directing light into the building's interior, but they can also intensify the heat, thus imposing heating and cooling loads on the building. Balancing existing variables complicates the design process of atriums. The idea of an optimization method is one of the ways that can help solve this issue. Research has been done on the characteristics of atriums, but it seems that there are still characteristics of atriums that can be analyzed in more detail. These characteristics include the angle of the atrium walls and the percentage of openings. Accurate calculations for atrium design seem to be less commonly used by designers, which in turn increases the thermal load and decreases the efficiency of the atriums. In this regard, this research paper seeks the optimal specifications for the above indicators in the design of atriums to increase their efficiency and to reduce energy consumption. In this research, an office building in Tehran has been used as the base model. This research has been done in two stages. In the first stage, including library research and extraction of effective features in the design of atriums, energy evaluation indicators, optimization, and the relationship between these three are discussed. The second stage is dedicated to simulation. At the first stage, an office building with general specifications is modelled and then through an optimization algorithm, the appropriate values for the aforementioned parameters are searched. Finally, a set of optimal responses, including atriums with the percentage of opening and the angle of the optimal walls, are extracted and provided to the designer as an achievement. The findings of this study indicate that the annual energy consumption of the base model decreased by 11%. However, the amount of daylight received by the optimal model has increased by about 55% and inappropriate amounts of daylight have decreased significantly.