چكيده به لاتين
Abstract:
Improving known detectors technology and researching for new methods of photon de-tection are both active fields of researches aimed at achieving detection systems with higher efficiency and quality. Detectors should have desirable characteristics such as high detec-tion efficiency, low darkness enumeration, fast response time, and low instability. In addi-tion, for specific applications, detectors are needed that are not only sensitive to single pho-tons but can also determine the number of incident photons simultaneously.
single-photon avalanche diodes are suitable devices for detecting and counting photons, which have received much attention in recent decades. In this dissertation, first, a summary of the physical parameters, structure, and operation of single-photon avalanche diode detec-tors is presented, then the research and advances to improve the performance of these detec-tors over the past few decades are mentioned, followed by the proposed new three-terminals avalanche photodiode pixel structure, which can be implemented in standard CMOS tech-nology. With this new structure, it is possible to reducing the hold-off time, the probability of occurrence afterpulse, and the darkness counting, and thus increasing the accuracy and speed of pixel operation as well as counting the number of photons. Finally, in order to shrink and reduce the pixel size, three new structures of the three-terminals avalanche pho-todiodes have been introduced that are suitable for use in the structure of this new pixel as a detector.
Keywords: Photon counting, Readout circuit, Triterminals avalanche photodiode, Afterpulse, quenching time, hold-off time
