چكيده به لاتين
This research tries to explore the history of 'development thought' or to be more precise "development of Capitalism" in Iran. The issue of "development" has been studied extensively over the years in various ways. Both, in terms of reviewing the 5-year plans of recent decades and also evaluating the behaviour of political and economic institutions related to development, i.e., governments, parties and legislatures. But, the truth is that no independent study on the views of the country's economic leaders has been conducted in the contemporary period. Hence, this research should answer these questions that what was the Iranian authorities' conception about wealth, prosperity, production, trade, capital, program, welfare, and so on, after being familiar with western civilization, and also how did the output of the country's management and planning processes led to the emergence of capitalism in Iran. This work has been done by researching surviving treatises and books of officials by using the content analysis method. This research is supported by the historical materialism approach, which is among the approaches of Heterodox. Heterodox thinking believes in the inefficiency of mainstream economics, which is rooted in nineteenth-century neoclassical thought. In the approach of historical materialism, the social life acts as an intertwined and organic system of thought and action to reproduce their physical life. Therefore, economics is directly related to social and political issues. Accordingly, the findings of this study portraite that the idea of development among the country's policymakers have been based on a technocratic and capitalistic approach, from the beginning of the formation of this idea. Although, the necessity of economic growth and wealth creation was well understood, in contrast, the methods used to create and distribute wealth did not lead to public welfare. Because economics has been reduced from a socio-historical phenomenon to quantitative knowledge. As a result, it is necessary to make a fundamental revision of the theoretical foundations of economic affairs, especially the concept of development.
