چكيده به لاتين
Nowadays, various methods of thermal management of photovoltaic system have been researched and studied. The mentioned methods can be divided into five general categories: cooling using air flow, cooling using liquid flow, cooling using heat pipe, cooling using phase change materials and cooling using thermoelectric module. To overcome the weakness of cooling methods, the combined method is used, which is based on the simultaneous use of two or more cooling methods. In this research, we investigate the effect of air duct geometry, air flow velocity, type of phase change material, how it used with photovoltaic panel and the effect of porous phase change material in a fluid-based hybrid cooling system. The geometry studied consists of photovoltaic panel layers at the top and various combinations of air ducts and phase change materials at the bottom. The panel is simulated on the roof of Dena car. The car travels at speeds of 2.941 m / s and 7.352 m / s, and air fluid enters the duct at speeds of 2 m / s and 5 m / s, respectively. In this research, 47 models have been simulated in 3D by ansys Fluent and Camsol software. The diagrams of the highest temperature difference, panel temperature and melting and freezing of the phase change material in different conditions were compared. Based on the observations in the panel with less phase change material section, the final temperature decreases, but the temperature distribution gets far from uniform and ideal. Also, in the opposite case, the panel with more alternating section offers a much better temperature distribution in the initial time intervals, but after the complete melting of the changing phase, the final temperature increases a lot, which is due to the weakening of the cooling system. Due to the discontinuity of the phase change material, in the early stages of the simulation, we see a peak in the graph of the temperature difference; This problem can be solved by connecting the phase change materials togheter. In the last part, we used the thermoelectric module that is located between the solar panel and the ducts. as the results, we observed that, the final temperature of the panel can be reduced by up to 2%. Due to the thermoelectric costs, with the current technology, this system is not economic.
