چكيده به لاتين
In many buildings, the space below the reinforced concrete beams is used for the passage of pipes and facilities. Creating an opening in the reinforced concrete beams leads to the creation of spaces for the passage of pipes and installation ducts, and also helps in saving and economicizing the project and the useful height of the building. Openings in beams may be of various sizes and cross-sections, including rectangular, circular, rhombic, triangular, trapezoidal, and even other irregular shapes. But, the most common are openings with circular and rectangular sections. On the other hand, due to the presence of sharp corners and 90 degrees in openings with a rectangular section, stress concentration will occur and cause early cracks in the opening. Creating an opening in a reinforced concrete beam by taking into account the effect of the diameter of the opening holes, their number and the opening areas, and providing a suitable pattern of reinforcement and reinforcement, as well as a detailed analysis of the areas where creating an opening is associated with less risk and can help the observers and Leave the buildings open so that we don't have to witness the cutting and destruction of concrete beams for the passage of sewer pipes or ventilators and chimneys. In this research, the behavior of a simple reinforced concrete beam was investigated in several stages. In this research, the effect of the diameter of the openings, the area of the openings, as well as their number on the reinforced concrete beam was investigated by creating numerical models using ABAQUS finite element software, and according to the monotonic increasing static loading model and the loading up to the moment of failure from the explicit dynamic analysis Dynamic/ Explicit was used. Models with openings from 100 mm to 400 mm in diameter were considered, and the effect of openings on pure bending areas and pure shear areas and their number were investigated, and in the modeling, the effect of vertical openings and from top to bottom in beams was considered. Was investigated. According to the behavior of the beams and load-displacement curves and their type of failure, a suitable pattern of reinforcement was presented, and then, by examining the results of the increase in strength and hardness, the reduction of the final displacement of the samples was reported.
