26771

معايب و مزاياي قراردادهاي EPC در پروژه هاي شهرداري تهران

كارشناسي ارشد

مهندسي عمران- مهندسي و مديريت ساخت

1398

1399/9/5

مصطفي خانزادي

مهندسي عمران - واحد نور

ﻗﺮاردادﻫﺎي EPC ، ﻧﻮﻋ ﯽ از ﻗﺮاردادﻫﺎ ي دوﻋﺎﻣﻠﯽ مي‌ﺑﺎﺷﺪ. ﻣﻬﻤﺘﺮﯾﻦ وﯾﮋﮔ ﯽ اين ﻧﻮع ﻗﺮاردادﻫﺎ، ﻫﻤﺎﻫﻨﮕﯽ، ﻫﻤﮑﺎر ي و ﺗﻠﻔﯿﻖ ﺑﻬﯿﻨﻪ ﺳﻪ ﻋﺎﻣﻞ ﻃﺮاﺣ ﯽ، ﺗﺪارﮐﺎت و اﺟﺮاﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ ﺑﻌﻨﻮان ﺳﻪ ﻋﺎﻣﻞ ﺑﻪ ﻫﻢ ﭘﯿﻮﺳﺘﻪ در ارﺗﺒﺎط ﺗﻨﮕﺎﺗﻨﮓ ﺑﺎ ﯾﮑﺪﯾﮕﺮ ﻋﻤﻞ مي‌ﮐﻨﻨﺪ و ﺑﺨﺶ ﻃﺮاﺣﯽ ﻣﻐﺰ ﻣﺘﻔﮑﺮ و رﻫﺒﺮ ي ﮐﻨﻨﺪه و در واﻗﻊ واﺳﻄﻪ ﺑﯿﻦ دو ﺑﺨﺶ ﺗﺪارﮐﺎت و اﺟﺮا مي‌ﺑﺎﺷﺪ. اﻟﺒﺘﻪ ﻣﻤﮑﻦ اﺳﺖ ﭘﯿﻤﺎﻧﮑﺎر ﻣﻨﺎﻓﻊ ﺷﺨﺼﯽ ﺧﻮد را ﺑﺮ ﻣﻨﺎﻓﻊ ﭘﺮوژه و ﮐﺎرﻓﺮﻣﺎ ﺗﺮﺟﯿﺢ داده و اﻟﺰاﻣﺎت ﻓﻨﯽ و ﮐﯿﻔﯿﺖ ﻃﺮح را ﻓﺪاي ﺟﻨﺒﻪ‌هاي دﯾﮕﺮ ﭘﺮوژه ﻧﻤﺎﯾﺪ. اﻣﺎ مي‌ﺗﻮان ﺑﺎ در ﻧﻈﺮ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻦ ﺗﻤﻬﯿﺪاﺗﯽ ﺗﺎ ﺣﺪ زﯾﺎدي اين ﻧﻘﯿﺼﻪ را از ﺑﯿﻦ ﺑﺮد و از ﻣﺰاﯾﺎي ﻗﺮادادﻫﺎي EPC اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﮐﺮد. ﺑﺪﯾﻦ ﺗﺮﺗﯿﺐ اﯾﻦ ﻧﻮع ﻗﺮارداد، درﮔﯿﺮي و ﻣﺴﺌﻮﻟﯿﺖ دﺳﺘﮕﺎه اﺟﺮاﺋﯽ )ﮐﺎرﻓﺮﻣﺎ( در ﻓﺮاﯾﻨﺪ ﻃﺮاﺣﯽ، ﺧﺮﯾﺪ و اﺟﺮا را ﺑﻪ ﺣﺪاﻗﻞ مي‌رﺳﺎﻧﺪ. در ﻫﻤﯿﻦ راﺳﺘﺎ ﻫﺪف اﺻﻠﯽ ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﻣﻌﺎﯾﺐ و ﻣﺰاﯾﺎي EPC در ﭘﺮوژه‌هاي ﺷﻬﺮداري ﺗﻬﺮان و ﻣﻘﺎﯾﺴﻪ آن ﺑﺎ ﺳﺎﯾﺮ روش ﻫﺎﺳﺖ. ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ از ﻧﻈﺮ ﻫﺪف ﮐﺎرﺑﺮدي و از ﻧﻈﺮ روش اﻧﺠﺎم ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺗﻮﺻﯿﻔﯽ ﭘﯿﻤﺎﯾﺸﯽ ﻣﺒﺘﻨﯽ ﺑﺮ داده‌هاي ﮐﻤﯽ و ﭘﺮﺳﺸﻨﺎﻣﻪ‌اي اﺳﺖ. ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪ آﻣﺎري ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ 152ﻧﻔﺮ از ﮐﺎرﻣﻨﺪان، ﻣﺪﯾﺮان ﺷﻬﺮداري‌هاي ﺗﻬﺮان مي‌ﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﮐﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮرت ﺗﺼﺎدﻓﯽ اﻧﺘﺨﺎب ﺷﺪه اﻧﺪ. ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﺑﺪﺳﺖ آﻣﺪه ﻧﺸﺎن ﻣﯿﺪﻫﺪ ﮐﻪ ﻣﺰاﯾﺎي اﻧﺠﺎم ﭘﺮوژه‌هاي EPC از دﯾﺪ ﮐﺎرﻓﺮﻣﺎ و ﮐﺎر ﭘﯿﻤﺎ ﺑﺮ ﻣﻮﻓﻘﯿﺖ ﭘﺮوژه‌هاي ﻋﻤﺮاﻧﯽ ﺷﻬﺮداري ﺗﻬﺮ ان ﺗﺎﺛﯿﺮ ﻣﺜﺒﺖ و ﻣﻌﻨﺎداري دارد. ﻋﻼوه ﺑﺮ اﯾﻦ ﻣﻌﺎﯾﺖ اﻧﺠﺎم ﭘﺮوژه‌هاي EPC از دﯾﺪ ﮐﺎرﻓﺮﻣﺎ و ﮐﺎر ﭘﯿﻤﺎ ﺑﺮ رﯾﺴ ﮏ‌هاي ﭘﺮوژه‌هاي ﻋﻤﺮاﻧﯽ ﺷﻬﺮداري ﺗﻬﺮان ﺗﺎﺛﯿﺮ ﻣﺜﺒﺖ و ﻣﻌﻨﺎداري دارد.

1401/04/29

Advantages and Disadvantages of EPC Contracts in Tehran Municipality projects

11/26/2021 12:00:00 AM

EPC contracts are a type of two-factor contract. The most important feature of this type of contract is coordination, cooperation and optimal combination of three factors of design, procurement and execution, which act as three interrelated factors in close relationship with each other. Is implemented. Of course, the contractor may prefer his personal interests over the interests of the project and the employer, and sacrifice the technical requirements and quality of the project to other aspects of the project. However, this shortcoming can be largely remedied by taking measures and taking advantage of EPC contracts. Thus, this type of contract minimizes the involvement and responsibility of the executive body (employer) in the design, procurement and execution process. In this regard, the main purpose of this study is to investigate the disadvantages and advantages of EPC in Tehran municipal projects and compare it with other methods. The present research is an applied survey in terms of purpose and a descriptive survey research method based on quantitative data and a questionnaire. The statistical population of the present study is 152 employees, managers of Tehran municipalities who were randomly selected. The results show that the benefits of EPC projects from the perspective of the employer and the contractor have a positive and significant effect on the success of Tehran Municipality development projects. In addition, the implementation of EPC projects from the perspective of the employer and the contractor has a positive and significant effect on the risks of Tehran Municipality construction projects.

ﻗﺮادادﻫﺎي EPC , ﮐﺎرﻓﺮﻣﺎ , ﭘﯿﻤﺎﻧﮑﺎر , قرارداد

EPC contracts , employer , contractor , contract

saeed Karimi

Dr. Khanzadi