چكيده به لاتين
The residential environment as the central area plays a fundamental role in achieving social sustainability and embraces the lifestyle, physical, mental, social, spiritual, and occupational aspects of an individual. Nowadays, women are changing traditional patterns of life, including lifestyle, participation, macro needs, and physical and mental wisdom, by playing roles at home and work leading to having different and more desires than they used to have. Also, the physical space and houses have not provided the necessary harmony with this new lifestyle and the conditions for balancing the traditional and new social roles for women. Social sustainability strategies can meet the women’s needs during different periods by utilizing the home’s capacity. Therefore, the purpose of the study is to identify and present a comprehensive model of housing design components in the context of women’s social sustainability. First, the sociological needs of women were investigated by reviewing the social sustainability feminism and Islamic literature. Then, the factors which affect the woman’s architecture were studied. Utilizing the descriptive-analytical method, the extracted components were placed in five categories including social and cultural life, mental-psychological desirability, land use and social infrastructure, economic dimension, and physical desirability. The final model of housing design in the framework of women’s social sustainability was achieved by doing the Delphi research method for four times with the experts in this filed. In the next step, using a closed questionnaire based on selected criteria, a questionnaire for scoring was provided to the Delphi panel and then using Shannon entropy, the importance of each component was determined. At this stage, the three components of "Visual controllability", "Identifying decorations (personalization of space)" and "Feeling of security" are in the first place. After that, the above questionnaire was given to a sample size of 120 architectural experts familiar with the context of Isfahan. By using survey research method and Friedman test were used to determine the priority of each component for applications in the design of residential environments in Isfahan. The results showed that the components of the “connection of the five senses with the environment”, the “sense of place”, and “ergonomics” are of the higher importance in Isfahan, respectively. The importance of the first component regarding women's partial perception of details and the lack of sensory stimuli such as smell, sound, color, variety of materials, etc., in residential environments in contemporary architecture in Isfahan exacerbates this problem and the use of natural materials that have different scents, sounds and textures, as well as the use of motifs appropriate to the time and cultural context, can satisfy this need. Also, in adapting the sense of place in the context, it is achieved that the reduction of neighborhood connections and the reduction of residency time have caused social problems in Isfahan; therefore, this issue has been placed in high priority. Providing a community center and paying attention to the adaptability of houses to the needs of residents can encourage residents to live in a place for a long time by increasing social capital and improving the performance of the space. Regarding ergonomics, the third rank of this component indicates that is essential to pay more attention to women's ergonomics, which is different from men's, in designing environmental equipment. The proposed research solution is to use built-in ladders, rails, and pulleys to provide an easier access and more efficient equipment for women. Other physical components influencing the design include physical safety, versatile and flexible furniture, and spatial diversity, respectively.
