چكيده به لاتين
The safety of intra-urban movements is one of the most significant issues related to the social complications of transportation in urban design and in designing different urban areas. In Iran, motor vehicles accidents after the heart diseases are the second most important causes of death. According to the statistics of the number of fatalities in urban accidents in selected cities of the world in 2015, in one year, Mashhad was ranked 25th among the 53 cities of the world with an index of 8.5 (the number of fatalities per 100,000 people), which indicates a necessity for attention to the transportation infrastructures, ways of urban travel, travel supply and demand management and many other issues, including urban form. In this regard, this study has conducted with the aim of investigating the effect of environmental physical form indicators on the safety of traffic for both pedestrians and motorists in Mellat Park neighborhood of Mashhad.
In this study, firstly, the spatial distribution and density of accidents at the level of neighborhood streets was modeled using Arc Map software. As a result, spatial pattern of accidents and centers of gravity of accidents of pedestrian and motorists at the level of intra-neighborhood transport networks were identified, after that, in order to spatially analyze the relationship between the density of accidents with the selected indicators of the research - each of which represents one of the five systems of the urban form - the overlap of the spatial distribution of accidents with each of the indicators were examined in the same software, thus the extent and manner of their effect on the occurrence of accidents was investigated.
This guide, in the framework of the five systems of urban form, with the aim of removing existing barriers to the safety of pedestrian’s and motorist’s movements at the level of the neighborhood, as well as considering the vision of the neighborhood, includes a set of agendas and design requirements which are particularly focusing on changing or strengthening the influence of indicators on the safety of Mellat Park neighborhood of Mashhad. In this way, if the condition of the desired index has been effective in increasing traffic safety in the desired neighborhood, the design guide has been defined as agendas in order to strengthen its physical and functional dimension, and if based on the analyzes made, currently the condition of the index causes a decrease in the safety of neighborhood, the design guide will be in the form of requirements that will lead to an increase in the safety level of the neighborhood by changing the status of the indicator.
