چكيده به لاتين
Hydrogen can be obtained by using various process routes such as coal gasification, natural gas reforming and electrolysis, and like other gaseous fuels including synthesis gas, methane/biomethane and liquid fuels including diesel/biodiesel and fuel oil in the fuel cell system (which consumes a lot in the direction of energy production) used. The fuel cell system includes several types of polymer membrane, sulfuric acid, solid oxide, methanolic, alkaline, and molten carbonate, which are mainly used in combination with other energy systems. In this treatise, the types of hydrogen production methods are first mentioned and the types of fuel cells are examined in terms of technical performance and cost. Then, the practical research conducted on the design and construction of various types of hybrid systems connected to fuel cells, including wind, solar, geothermal, hydroelectric, combustion and nuclear, will be described in two separate parts. In the end, to the research done regarding the modeling and simulation of hybrid systems with the help of Software and coding will be mentioned. In this research, an attempt was made to solve the welfare needs of a family in Deir port who are facing heating, cooling, potable water, hot water and electricity problems by using a hybrid system connected to a molten carbonate fuel cell system. The results show that the needs of this family can be met by using a water softener and a molten carbonate fuel cell. The molten carbonate fuel cell with the ability to simultaneously produce electricity and heat can meet the welfare needs of this family by producing 20 kilowatts of energy. Also, this battery has the ability to produce 2 kilowatts of electricity to supply electricity to the house at different times of the day. Also, the combined system can supply the cooling and heating load of the house in winter and summer (which is equal to 17.75 and 12.24 kW, respectively). Then, by using the heat produced by the molten carbonate fuel cell, the need for hot water consumption (equal to 53 liters per hour) and fresh water (equal to 30 liters for the whole family) can be provided every hour of the day. To carry out this project, energy and exergy analyzes were performed. In addition, multi-objective particle swarm algorithm method was used to determine the optimal value of each influencing factor for power and heat production. To meet the energy needs of this family in the whole year, it is necessary to invest up to a maximum amount of 1300 dollars, which can be more competitive with energy production systems with the help of economic evaluations. This system is suitable from an environmental point of view because it is associated with the lowest amount of carbon dioxide production, i.e. 4%, it is environmentally clean and has the least amount of pollution.
