چكيده به لاتين
Being admitted to the hospital causes a lot of anxiety for the patient, and the evidence indicates that the physical condition of the hospital can have an effect on reducing their anxiety. The hospital and its internal spaces create a lot of stress on clients and patients upon arrival. The interior design of the hospital should include positive and negative effects, such as the lack of green space, natural light in the patient's public and private spaces, and the poor design of the treatment spaces increase the patient's anxiety. The main goal of this research is to identify and prioritize the environmental components to reduce patient anxiety in medical centers, which can speed up the recovery process of patients as a result. In the literature review, the environmental components effective in reducing anxiety on patients in the hospital were identified and classified into four categories (environmental, physical, psychological and social) according to two patient-centered and healing approaches and by descriptive-analytical method. The comparison between frequency was done and finally the components with higher priority were identified and categorized. Studies show that the components with higher priority affecting the reduction of patient anxiety are: natural light, nature, space organization, window (to see the space), single bed room. After identifying the components, physical solutions related to each component, 56 solutions in four categories (environmental, physical, psychological and social) were extracted. In this step, using the survey method, the questionnaire was designed based on relevant solutions, and its validity and reliability were proved. Then the questionnaire was sent to 150 people in 3 groups of expert architects, therapists and patients, and with the help of Friedman's test, the ranking of solutions was determined. The best solutions in the entire statistical population are green space in the area, a view from the hospital room, design of public spaces for patients to visit together or family (meeting room, living room, etc.) and maintaining privacy. It can be concluded from the comparison of the prioritization of the statistical communities that the strategies that are prioritized in the architecture group have the same rank in the patient group and the treatment staff, and these strategies are respectively: green space from an environmental point of view in the hospital premises and a view of the green space (proper window placement) in the bed room. The two groups of the treatment staff and the patient have the most difference, the patient gave more points to the solutions of the environmental category or to the solutions that are related to that category, such as the window to see the view. The group of treatment staff has given more points to the environmental and psychological solutions that make the patient relax and reduce their anxiety, directly or indirectly, and also make them feel calm and well. These solutions include green spaces in the hospital grounds, views of the green spaces from the hospital room, design of public spaces for patients to meet together or family, simulation of the hospital room as a home room and privacy protection.
