چكيده به لاتين
Introduction and statement of the problem: With the increase in urbanization, cities faced many challenges, one of the most important challenges is not considering the rights and real needs of children. Therefore, children as the most vulnerable group should be given serious attention by planners. Neighborhoods are one of the main seeds of solving urban problems. Therefore, neighborhood capacities should be used for attendance, increasing safety, belongingness and quality of life of children. Officials, designers and planners should involve children in all stages.
Purpose: The main purpose of this research is to provide planning solutions to create child-friendly neighborhoods in order to promote children's participation.
Method: The current research is descriptive-analytical and the type of research is applied. The study case is South Punak neighborhood of Tehran. In this research, through a case study, the foundations and indicators extracted from the theoretical foundations have been examined and methods such as data processing (through observation, questionnaire, drawing) have been used. To determine the sample size, Cochran's method was used, in which 380 questionnaires were selected according to the population of each block by a simple random method among the residents of the neighborhood with a statistical population of 35,408 people due to the principle of equality and fairness in selecting people in the study sample. and 50 children under the age of 12 were asked to draw a picture about their favorite neighborhood.
Findings and Conclusion: The regression analysis of the research findings showed that according to the ranking of the planning factors of child-friendly neighborhoods with an emphasis on participation based on its importance in explaining the dependent variable, 11 factors out of 42 factors They have obtained a higher score in each dimension, which includes the amount of various activities (play-entertainment) by children, the quality of access to suitable spaces for children's play and activities, the safety of children against cars, the belongingness of children to the neighborhood, the amount Paying attention to children's free time and entertainment in the neighborhood, the variety of children's activities in housing, the amount of attention paid to climatic comfort in the paths used by children, the variety of activities in the neighborhood, motivational policies for children's participation, recognition of children's ability and competence. empowerment), considered protective rules for children and in the examination of 50 children's drawings, it shows that 19 categories were children's interest and attention. Among the categories, respectively, active and passive interaction with the natural and artificial environment, climatic comfort has the most attention, while access to public transportation, creation of special cycling and walking routes, is less important in It was a children's drawing. As a result, with the participation of children and parents in different stages of planning, the neighborhood can be transformed into a place according to the child's wishes and wishes, which provides security, safety, a sense of belonging, presence, social interactions, willingness to participate and give the color of belonging to the neighborhood. It is effective by children and by considering the indicators that have been raised in different dimensions of physical, environmental, social, management and transportation, it created child-friendly neighborhoods in which the willingness to participate is high. Therefore, in order to promote children's participation, first of all, training should be given to children and enable them to participate effectively and realistically in the planning of neighborhoods, then the infrastructures for children's participation in The neighborhood should be provided and the local officials should participate by identifying the ways of children's participation.
