چكيده به لاتين
A fuel cell is a converter of chemical energy into electrical energy. This conversion is direct and has high efficiency. The most famous type of fuel cell currently is the hydrogen fuel cell. In the electric railway, in addition to the conventional methods, today new methods are used to supply the power consumption of the wagons, which are mainly based on renewable energies. The use of these methods often includes environmental considerations and reduction of air pollution. Hybrid vehicles, including hybrid trains, are vehicles that use two or more power sources in their propulsion system. In the field of hybridization of transportation means, various types of batteries, supercapacitors and fuel cells can be used. In fuel cell hybrid trains, the combination of fuel cell and battery is usually considered in the structure of power sources. From the point of view of the control strategy, the hybrid system is a discrete event with continuous dynamics. The main goal of these strategies is to optimize fuel consumption
In this thesis, a hybrid fuel cell-battery system is proposed. A boost converter is used to control the system. The proposed control method for tracking the maximum efficiency of the fuel cell includes two parts of controlling the amount of input fuel (hydrogen) and controlling the output flow of the fuel cell. Fuel cell flow control is done using disturbance and observation algorithm. Using this algorithm, the working cycle of the step-up converter is adjusted in such a way that the current of the converter, which is the same as the output current of the fuel cell, is always set at the optimal value, in which the optimal current value, the fuel cell has maximum efficiency. Energy management strategy in fuel cell based vehicles adds to the overall efficiency and lifetime of system components. Unlike optimization approaches, heuristic strategies generally provide acceptable performance and less computational burden, which makes them more suitable for real-world applications.
