چكيده به لاتين
The decrease of metal resources and the increase of industrial and urban wastes have attracted the attention of researchers to find a solution to recover and reuse the metals in the wastes as secondary sources. Solvent extraction is a cost-effective method with high selectivity for extracting metals from wastes. Due to the high volatility of conventional organic solvents, investigating the use of ionic liquids has become particularly important due to their low volatility and environmental friendliness, as well as the high selectivity of Task Specific ionic liquids. In this research, first the industrial waste of lead factory was Leached by sulfuric acid and then copper, nickel, zinc and cadmium metals were extracted from the waste and hydrated as metal cations in aqueous solution. Then, using FTIR and H-NMR analysis, the validity of the synthesized Task Specific ionic liquids was checked, and the Task Specific ionic liquid structure was examined by Task Specific ionic liquid experiments with Cl, NO3, HSO4, and CH3COO anions and cations with amino groups with C2, C4, C6, and C8 length Alkyl chain was optimized. Then, in order to achieve higher efficiency and selectivity of the solvent extraction process, pH parameters, the amount of Task Specific ionic liquid, the reaction time of the Task Specific ionic liquid and the two phases contact time, the ratio of the organic phase to the aqueous phase, and finally the stripping step with sulfuric acid with different concentrations for three systems with hydrophobic phase dichloromethane, aliquat 336 and synergistic system dichloromethane/aliquot 336 were investigated. After checking the various parameters of operating conditions, the best results for three systems, dichloromethane, pH equal to 3, 150 mg of Task Specific ionic liquid, 5 minutes of Task Specific ionic liquid reaction time, 5 minutes of two-phase contact time, and finally a double ratio of aqueous phase to organic phase, for aliquat 336 system, pH equal to 3, 150 mg of Task Specific ionic liquid, reaction time of Task Specific ionic liquid 5 minutes, two-phase contact time 5 minutes and finally double ratio of aqueous phase to organic phase and for dichloromethane/aliquot 336 synergistic system, pH equal to 2, 150 mg of Task Specific ionic liquid, 5 minutes of Task Specific ionic liquid reaction time, 5 minutes of two-phase contact time, twice the ratio of aqueous phase to organic phase, and finally, the ratio of dichloromethane to the total hydrophobic phase was selected as 40%.
