مسعود محلوجي فر

Urban rail transit systems are indispensable for the functionality of metropolitan areas worldwide. However, subway networks face rising threats from adversarial attacks, infrastructure failures, and natural disasters. This research employs network analysis techniques to assess the resilience of metro systems against disruptions. Graph models representing the topological structure of the Tehran, Shanghai, Istanbul, Washington DC, London, and Moscow metros are constructed. By simulating targeted attacks on stations based on degree, betweenness, closeness, eigenvector centrality, and TOPSIS criteria, their impact on network parameters is systematically eva‎luated. Tehran's metro deteriorates rapidly during assaults, signifying fragility, while Shanghai’s retains integrity showcasing resilience. Under degree-based attacks, Tehran fragments quickly unlike Shanghai and Moscow which preserve connectivity. Tehran disintegrates faster than Shanghai and Moscow against betweenness disruptions as well. Tehran and Istanbul networks fragment under eigenvector and closeness attacks while Shanghai and Moscow remain robust. Larger networks like London and Shanghai demonstrate greater resilience to random failures than smaller networks like Tehran and Washington. The analysis provides a framework for transit agencies to diagnose vulnerabilities and amplify network resilience through enhanced design, redundancy, simulation modeling, predictive systems, and swift contingency response. The study urges a paradigm shift from reactive recovery to proactive, predictive resilience. Building adaptive capacities and learning from global best practices is critical to secure metro networks against growing threats. As urban transit plays an indispensable role, ongoing research to preemptively boost metro resilience worldwide is imperative.

تحليل شبكه اجتماعي , مترو , حمله , عملكرد , مقاومت

social network analysis , subway , attack , performance , resistance

Masood Mahlooji Far

Mehrdad Agha Mohammad Ali Kermani