چكيده به لاتين
The increase in the world's population, especially the percentage of living in urban areas (which is expected to increase from 54% in 2014 to 66% in 2050), has negative effects on the environment. In particular, air and water pollution, changes in land cover, loss of natural habitats, higher demand for energy and increased emissions are among the environmental consequences of population growth (Mohajerani et al., 1397). Also, human settlements have, over time, used their evolution as a complete set of various production and service activities to meet all the diverse needs of human beings. Therefore, after the emergence of the industrial revolution and its extensive effects and consequences on the life of the city and its citizens, it has created changes and disturbances in the traditional structure of the city, its biological balance, economic and social interactions, sense of identity and belonging to the place. It has become self-sufficient and self-reliant. Also, uncontrolled development, various types of environmental pollution and visual disturbances, etc., have turned the current cities almost everywhere into huge consumer waste and have caused serious problems (Valadkhani and Bahraini). , 1397). Cities need stability to reduce the environmental consequences of rising urban populations. (Mohajerani et al., 2017).
From the beginning of the formation of the idea of sustainable development in urban planning societies, finding a practical model for the realization of sustainable urban development has always been one of the main concerns of urban planners. It seems that the idea of an urban village, the main purpose of which is to combine the positive features of the village and urban facilities, can be a suitable model for the realization of sustainable development. This model tries to realize the various dimensions of sustainable urban development, environmental, cultural and social benefits of rural life and also the diversity, facilities and opportunities of urban life at the same time in a small residential scale (Daneshpour and Rousta, 2010). .
The debate over sustainability dates back to about 50 years ago, with severe environmental changes, such as the sudden warming of the Earth, so that in the past we changed every 8,000 years by 8 degrees, while now this period has turned into a hundred years. And with rising sea levels, an extinct creature has become extinct every 20 minutes. Nowadays, there is a need to discuss sustainable development and the role of urban planning and urbanization in sustainability. The design of Azgol Sustainability Village is one of the solutions in this process. The idea of "urban village" as a solution to achieve sustainability in settlements with different conditions and with different economic and social motives, as one of the new approaches to urban planning, is a solution for sustainable urban and rural development. The idea of urban villages was formally established in the late 1980s with the establishment of UVG (Urban Villages Group). Due to UVG's insistence, the idea took precedence over British national design policy. The urban village approach tries to strengthen the texture of neighborhoods that are familiar with natural environments and by strengthening the role of nature in the city, leads to vitality and dynamism and creating a suitable urban landscape. Examine different urban villages. In this study, the criteria and principles of urban villages will be examined as one of the approaches of urbanism and sustainability. In this regard, the mixed research approach has been selected, this approach makes it possible to analyze the data more logically because it is a combination of quantitative and qualitative methods. After reviewing the theoretical foundations and experiences, indicators and criteria of urban development based on the urban village in several stages and research indicators through observation, interview and with the help of questionnaire test from about 100 residents and business owners in Delphi method in The neighborhood was mined and finally a number of these indicators and criteria were identified. In the recognition and analysis phase, an attempt has been made to study a case study based on the criteria obtained in the section on theoretical foundations and global experiences. To design an urban village, a 40-hectare bed is needed in the neighborhood. In Tehran, I chose Azgol neighborhood to remember the minimum necessary features of urban village design. The design strategies of Ozgol urban village have been designed and experienced on a special urban space scale (urban village).
