چكيده به لاتين
With the emergence of economic challenges and the rising cost of housing, people have struggled to secure shelter, which is one of the most fundamental rights of every citizen. Housing providers have turned to minimizing residential units as a solution to this issue. However, homes designed in this manner often fail to successfully meet the users' needs. The reduction in size under these conditions leads to the improper merging of functions or their complete removal from the living space, which essentially means their exclusion from families’ everyday lives and needs. One proposed solution to address these problems is a flexible design approach in building architecture that offers a range of diverse options, allowing users the freedom to choose according to their personal needs and desires. Among the flexible design methods that have been introduced so far, the creation of multifunctional spaces is considered a key and recurring element by various experts. This strategy provides the most efficient results in limited spaces and can address many of the changing needs of residents.
The aim of this research is to identify the priority components of multifunctionality in affordable housing to meet diverse needs. To this end, first, through a descriptive method and using library-documentary research tools, the components of multifunctional spaces in flexible housing were identified. Then, through content analysis, the components related to affordability were categorized. In the next step, by synthesizing the information extracted from the literature, the design components of multifunctional quality in affordable housing were developed as the conceptual framework of the research. Subsequently, case studies were analyzed based on this conceptual framework through a case study method. Finally, through the "research through design" method and based on the analyzed case studies, three main approaches for the design concept were formulated: the design concept considering three levels of design, the design concept considering the site's elevation, and the design concept based on functional sections. These led to the design of an affordable housing complex in District 2 of Tehran Municipality. The results indicate that among a total of 24 influential components, the highest-priority components are "movable walls," "undefined space," "flexible furniture," "placement of wet spaces," and "creating integrated spaces," which can maximize the efficient use of minimal space.
