چكيده به لاتين
The growth of the death rate from driving accidents has raised concerns and many efforts by the responsible authorities to identify and control the causes of accidents. It is generally believed that the human factor plays a major role in driving accidents. In road transportation, fatigue and drowsiness, as one of the causes of all accidents, are one of the main human error factors, and the accidents caused by it are more severe than other types of accidents. For this reason, this cause has been investigated among the causes of all accidents. The aim of this study is to investigate the main factors affecting the increase in the risk of accidents caused by fatigue and drowsiness. The study method is based on the concept of quasi-inducible exposure and logistic regression models. In this method, the probability of driver at fault is used as a criterion for assessing accident risk, and in the final model, the probability of driver at fault is calculated based on a function of the variables under study and the interactions between them. The statistical population includes all vehicle accidents from the beginning of Farvardin 2009 to the end of Shahrivar 2012. The results show that factors such as road type, season, lighting, time, type of region, vehicle use, site geometry, month, gender, shoulder type, weather, literacy level, and driver age have a significant effect on the risk of driver at fault. Also, according to the results of the interactive effects study, young people have a higher risk than the elderly in the early morning and the elderly have a higher risk in the evening. In the study, no significant difference was observed between weekdays, but the relative risk on Friday nights is lower than on other weekdays. The difference in the risk of truck and bus drivers during the night and day is more significant than for other users. Ultimately, measures such as holding mandatory training courses for drivers, especially truck and bus drivers, strictly controlling the working hours of these drivers to prevent overdriving, not allowing drivers to drive for long periods of time without rest along the route, and also limiting driving hours at night, installing signs containing warning messages about the dangers of drowsy driving, and appropriate road design are solutions that can lead to the prevention and reduction of casualties from such accidents.
