Technical-economic eva‎luation and optimization of renewable energy sources for energy production in an industrial town with regard to grid reliability

1/25/2026 12:00:00 AM

With the rapid increase in population and the expansion of industrial and urban areas, the demand for electricity has grown significantly. However, reliance on fossil fuels for energy production has exacerbated environmental pollution and climate change. This study investigates the techno-economic feasibility of hybrid renewable energy systems, including solar PV, wind energy, and battery storage, to supply off-grid industrial and residential loads. The industrial sector’s daily load was considered 800 kWh/d with a peak demand of 70.12 kW, and the residential sector’s daily load was 100 kWh/d with a peak demand of 21.24 kW. To design and eva‎luate the optimal system, HOMER Pro and MATLAB software were employed. In HOMER Pro, the hybrid system configuration consisting of solar panels, wind turbines, and batteries was simulated with the objective of minimizing the net present cost (NPC) and levelized cost of energy (LCOE). The results showed that annual energy production was 363,657 kWh/yr (54.5%) from solar panels and 304,069 kWh/yr (45.5%) from wind turbines. The total annual energy consumption was 328,242 kWh/yr, and the system fully met the required energy demand. The net present cost (NPC) of the system was $1,348,525, and the levelized cost of energy (LCOE) was calculated as $0.3178/kWh. Subsequently, system optimization was conducted using MATLAB, which resulted in the optimal component capacities of 732.648 kW for solar PV, 5.3105e-23 kW for wind turbines (essentially zero), and 500 kWh for battery storage. In this case, the net present cost (NPC) of the system was reduced to $900,513.98. The comparison of results from the two software tools reveals that, due to the climatic conditions of the region, solar energy plays a significantly greater role in meeting the energy demand compared to wind energy. The designed system, with optimal costs, successfully provides reliable energy supply. These results demonstrate that investing in solar energy systems is more economically and environmentally viable, owing to abundant solar irradiation and lower initial costs. Additionally, the incorporation of energy storage systems, such as batteries, significantly enhances the reliability and stability of hybrid systems, particularly for off-grid microgrids. Overall, this study provides a practical and feasible approach for the development of hybrid renewable energy systems in similar regions and serves as a valuable reference for policymakers and investors in the renewable energy sector.

انرژي تجديدپذير , سيستم هيبريدي , بهينه‌سازي فني - اقتصادي , انرژي خورشيدي , انرژي بادي , ذخيره‌ساز باتري

Renewable Energy , Hybrid System , Techno-Economic Optimization , Solar Energy , Wind Energy , Battery Storage , HOMER Pro

mohammad bagher yasami

Dr Abolfazl Ahmadi