چكيده به لاتين
Derailments are recurring incidents that significantly disrupt transportation systems worldwide. In Iran, these events are commonly attributed to rolling stock failures, track defects, human errors, and the presence of foreign objects on the tracks.
Motivated by the frequency and severity of derailments, this study aimed to analyze Iranian railway derailment data from 2019 to 2023. Our findings indicate that track gauge issues related to track failures and non-compliance with general operating regulations associated with human errors were the two most prevalent causes. The objective of this research is to prioritize these causes by evaluating railway accident data and to develop strategies for reducing financial and human losses while enhancing the system's safety and reliability.
Of the 514 derailment incidents analyzed, only 48% involved freight and passenger trains. Due to data inconsistencies and inaccuracies, approximately 30% of the data were usable after cleaning and correction.
To prioritize the frequency of derailment causes, Fault Tree Analysis (FTA) was employed. FTA is a powerful tool for identifying, evaluating, and analyzing all factors contributing to a specific event (in this case, derailments). Our findings reveal that human errors (37%), rolling stock failures (35%), and track failures (28%) were the primary contributors to derailments.
Therefore, regular maintenance of tracks and rolling stock, as well as ongoing personnel training, can significantly reduce the impact of derailments and enhance safety. The total estimated losses over the five-year period amounted to 1,601,760,451,107 rials. By implementing preventive maintenance and reducing derailments by 10%, the railway system could save 328,064,610,111 rials, which could be reinvested in maintenance and other improvement projects
