Improved combustion of methane an‎d ammonia mixture using porous media in the presence of hydrogen

5/20/2026 12:00:00 AM

In light of the global efforts to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, the use of carbon-free fuels such as ammonia an‎d hydrogen as alternatives to methane has received growing attention. However, challenges such as the low burning velocity of ammonia, high nitrogen oxides (NOₓ) emissions, an‎d the high flame temperature of hydrogen necessitate the development of optimized combustion strategies. This study aims to enhance the combustion of methane–ammonia mixtures in the presence of hydrogen by investigating the role of porous media (both inert an‎d catalytically active) in improving combustion performance an‎d reducing emissions. In total, seven scenarios involving different fuel blends an‎d three combustion environments were simulated an‎d analyzed. The results indicate that replacing 50% of methane with ammonia leads to a 30% reduction in CO₂ emissions, but also causes a significant increase in NOₓ emissions an‎d deterioration of flame characteristics. The addition of hydrogen partially offsets these drawbacks by enhancing flame speed an‎d temperature. The use of inert an‎d especially catalytic porous media resulted in NOₓ reductions of 88% an‎d 95%, respectively, while inducing only a modest decrease in flame temperature. Overall, methane–ammonia mixtures with an optimized hydrogen fraction, combined with catalytic porous media, present a promising approach for clean an‎d sustainable combustion.

احتراق سوخت‌هاي بدون كربن , احتراق سوخت‌هاي تركيبي , احتراق در محيط متخلخل , آمونياك , هيدروژن

Combustion of carbon-free fuels , Combustion of mixed fuels , Porous media combustion , ammonia , hydrogen

Ali Tolouei

Ayat Gharehghani