basic housing design with quantitative an‎d qualitative in tehran

3/13/2026 12:00:00 AM

Housing goes beyond merely providing physical shelter; it represents one of the most pressing challenges of urbanization. War recovery, population growth, inflation, rural-to-urban migration, evolving lifestyles, increasing age of marriage, an‎d declining birth rates are among the long-term factors that have contributed to the emergence of various housing typologies with an economic orientation. In recent years, due to ongoing economic issues, low-income an‎d some middle-income households have increasingly faced difficulties in securing adequate urban housing. The aim of this research is to identify different types of economically oriented housing an‎d to determine the key characteristics that define their similarities an‎d differences—ultimately leading to the selec‎tion of the most appropriate housing type as a solution for addressing the housing needs of low- to middle-income populations. To achieve this aim, a comprehensive review of the literature related to economic housing typologies was conducted. In the initial phase, using a descriptive approach, various types of economic housing were examined, including: affordable housing, social housing, public housing, low-cost housing, supportive housing, optimized housing, budget housing, an‎d minimum housing. Each type was then analyzed to identify its distinct components an‎d characteristics. In the next phase, through comparative analysis, six key attributes were derived to compare an‎d contrast the identified housing typologies: target group, implementing body, financial support, location, ownership, an‎d infrastructure services. Subsequently, using the Delphi method over three rounds with a panel of seven housing experts, a conceptual framework was developed to refine the features of each housing type. The results revealed that affordable housing, optimized housing, an‎d minimum housing share commonalities in terms of support, location, infrastructure, implementing body, an‎d ownership, but differ in their respective target populations. In contrast, social housing, public housing, an‎d supportive housing share similarities in location, support, an‎d infrastructure, while differing in terms of their implementing agencies, target groups, an‎d ownership models. Additionally, the key components of each housing type were ranked using Shannon Entropy based on their frequency in the literature. Findings indicate that in affordable housing, the top priorities are services an‎d amenities, safety, an‎d accessibility; in minimum housing, they are plan layout, accessibility, an‎d security; an‎d in social housing, the leading factors are accessibility, plan layout, an‎d security, respectively.

مسكن حداقل , مسكن با رويكرد اقتصادي , دلفي , ضريب انتروپي

basic housing , Delphi method , entropy coefficient , economic housing types

Atefeh Sadat Tabatabaei

dr. seyed abbas yazdanfar- dr. neda sadat sahragard monfared