Investigation the effect of RO on the mechanical properties an‎d setting of glass ionomer of the SiO2-Al2O3-SrO-F system

4/27/2026 12:00:00 AM

Glass ionomer cement (GIC), despite its popularity due to aesthetic similarity to natural teeth an‎d sustained fluoride release, suffers from drawbacks such as poor mechanical strength an‎d high-water uptake. Although many studies have focused on polymer modification an‎d reinforcement strategies, overcoming these limitations requires adjusting the chemical composition of the glass phase itself. Incorporating various ions into the glass network can significantly influence network connectivity, thereby altering setting behavior, mechanical properties, an‎d moisture sensitivity. This study investigates the effect of partially replacing SrF2 with varying amounts of CaF2 an‎d ZnO in a SiO2–Al2O3–SrF2 based glass composition. The resulting glasses were examined for thermal behavior an‎d microstructure, an‎d the corresponding cements were eva‎luated for compressive strength, setting time, an‎d water absorption. Due to differences in the ionic field strength of the substituting cations, the glass network connectivity an‎d material performance were modified. The optimized compressive strengths reached 60.6 MPa for calcium- an‎d 90.03 MPa for zinc-containing GICs, representing improvements of approximately 43% an‎d 106%, respectively, compared to the base sample. Moreover, the development of amorphous/amorphous phase separation via spinodal decomposition contributed to improved mechanical properties in calcium-containing systems—particularly in the sample with 3 wt% CaF2, which exhibited a 25% strength increase. Zinc was also found to occupy interstitial positions in the aluminosilicate network an‎d, depending on glass composition, may act partially as a network former. In vitro eva‎luation of bioactivity revealed that the release of unreacted monomers during setting reduced the pH, potentially delaying bioactive response. Zinc-containing cements showed improved water absorption an‎d solubility, though no consistent trend in solubility over time was observed.

سيمان گلس آيونومر , استحكام فشاري , اكسيدروي , كلسيم فلورايد , خواص مكانيكي مواد ترميمي

Glass ionomer cement , Compressive strength , Zinc oxide , Calcium fluoride , Mechanical properties of restorative materials

Farzaneh Sadat Teimoory Toufal

Dr. Hamidreza Rezaie an‎d Dr. Jafar Javadpour