Vehicle Routing an‎d Scheduling with Multi-Door Cross-Docking System under Vehicle Assignment Uncertainty: A Fuzzy Controller Approach

9/27/2026 12:00:00 AM

The use of cross-docking as one of the key logistics strategies, along with the simultaneous consideration of vehicle routing, scheduling, an‎d assignment problems, plays a significant role in reducing transportation costs an‎d shortening customer service times. In this study, an integrated model is proposed for vehicle routing, scheduling, an‎d assignment in a multi-door cross-dock. In real-world situations, the number of inbound an‎d outbound trucks usually exceeds the available doors, making the formation of queues at cross-dock doors inevitable. To model this issue, an M/M/1 queueing system is employed for each door. Furthermore, due to equipment an‎d operator shortages, factors such as service rates an‎d door readiness are inherently uncertain. These conditions result in long queues an‎d increased vehicle waiting times, which in turn raise costs an‎d delay product distribution schedules. In addition to these uncertainties, other stochastic factors also exist. To address them, an interval type-2 fuzzy controller is designed, which estimates the risk of long waiting times based on factors such as service rate, maximum inter-arrival time of vehicles assigned to the same door, average queue waiting time at each door, an‎d vehicle load size. Accordingly, the proposed model pursues three main objectives: minimizing transportation costs, reducing vehicle release times, an‎d lowering the risk of long waiting times. To solve the model, a multi-objective evolutionary algorithm based on decomposition (MOEA/D) integrated with interval type-2 fuzzy logic (T2FMOEA/D) is developed an‎d implemented. The performance of the proposed algorithm is eva‎luated on both small- an‎d large-scale problems. The results demonstrate that the proposed approach outperforms existing algorithms in terms of solution quality. Moreover, sensitivity analyses are conducted on key parameters. Finally, a case study is carried out on ISACO Company, which operates a cross-dock facility located in western Tehran province.

كراس داك، منطق فازي نوع دو بازه‌اي، مسئله مسيريابي و زمانبندي با كراس داك، سيستم صف، الگوريتم تكاملي چند هدفه مبتني بر تجزيه

Cross-docking, Interval type-2 fuzzy logic, Vehicle routing an‎d scheduling with cross-dock, Queueing system, multi-objective evolutionary algorithm based on decomposition

Fateme Khajesaeedi

Seyed Farid Ghanadpour