عليرضا سلطاني چاري

Industrial effluents containing synthetic dyes pose a serious threat to water quality due to their chemical stability an‎d toxicity. Conventional treatment methods such as coagulation/flocculation, advanced oxidation, an‎d membrane processes suffer from limitations including sludge generation, high operational costs, an‎d membrane fouling. Therefore, adsorption is regarded as an efficient an‎d low-cost technique, particularly effective at low pollutant concentrations. In this study, a lightweight an‎d highly porous three-dimensional organic–inorganic aerogel based on cellulose, chitosan, an‎d mineral aluminosilicate was synthesized via mild crosslinking with glutaraldehyde for the removal of Congo Red dye. The resulting aerogel exhibited a 3D, low-density structure with abundant accessible active sites an‎d facile separation from the treated solution. The physicochemical characteristics of the aerogel were examined using XRD, FTIR, FE-SEM, EDS, an‎d BET analyses, an‎d the effects of adsorbent dosage, contact time, pH, an‎d temperature on adsorption performance were eva‎luated. Equilibrium data were fitted to Langmuir, Freundlich, Temkin, Dubinin–Radushkevich, an‎d Redlich–Peterson isotherm models, while adsorption kinetics were analyzed using pseudo-first-order, pseudo-second-order, Elovich, an‎d intra-particle diffusion models. Thermodynamic parameters were derived from the Van’t Hoff equation. The maximum adsorption capacity reached 245 mg.g⁻¹ at pH=7 an‎d room temperature, increasing to 303 mg.g⁻¹ at 50 °C; at pH=3, the corresponding capacities were 531.68 mg.g⁻¹ 25 °C an‎d 638.02 mg.g⁻¹ 50 °C. The Freundlich model provided the best isotherm fit, indicating surface heterogeneity, while the pseudo-second-order kinetic model suggested chemisorption as the dominant mechanism. Thermodynamic analysis confirmed that the adsorption process was endothermic an‎d spontaneous. After five adsorption–desorption cycles, the aerogel retained approximately 60% of its initial efficiency. Overall, the developed aerogel demonstrates a lightweight, stable, an‎d environmentally friendly adsorbent suitable for the removal of organic dyes from industrial wastewater.

ايروژل كامپوزيتي , سلولز , كيتوزان , ورميكوليت , كنگو رد , جذب سطحي

composite aerogel , cellulose , chitosan , vermiculite , Congo red , adsorption

Alireza Soltani Chari

Dr Reza Norouzbeigi