Design, synthesis, an‎d characterization of a new bio-nanocomposite based on an injectable alginate–carrageenan hydrogel incorporating polyphosphate an‎d silver sulfadiazine nanoparticles synthesized via a plant extract, an‎d eva‎luation of its performance an‎d biological properties

10/22/2026 12:00:00 AM

In this study, a multifunctional bio-nanocomposite based on an injectable alginate–carrageenan hydrogel was designed an‎d synthesized to serve as an active an‎d biocompatible scaffold for the healing of chronic an‎d infected skin wounds. In this system, calcium polyphosphate nanoparticles synthesized via a green route using Quercus infectoria extract an‎d silver sulfadiazine/polyvinyl alcohol (Ag/SD/PVA) nanofibers were employed as key components contributing to the stability an‎d bioactivity of the nanocomposite. The polymeric network was ionically cross-linked using calcium gluconate an‎d potassium chloride, while riboflavin (vitamin B2) was incorporated as a bioactive agent with antioxidant an‎d wound-healing properties. The physicochemical an‎d structural characteristics of the system were investigated using NMR, FT-IR, XRD, FE-SEM, EDS, an‎d zeta potential analyses. NMR an‎d FTIR results confirmed the formation of the expected chemical bonds. The XRD pattern revealed an amorphous phase for the calcium polyphosphate nanoparticles an‎d distinct crystalline peaks corresponding to the Ag/SD/PVA nanofibers. FE-SEM images demonstrated the spherical morphology of calcium polyphosphate nanoparticles, the fibrous structure of Ag/SD/PVA nanofibers, an‎d the porous architecture of the nanocomposite. EDS analysis confirmed the homogeneous distribution of calcium, potassium, phosphorus, silver, nitrogen, sulfur, oxygen, an‎d carbon elements throughout the matrix. The zeta potential measurement of calcium polyphosphate nanoparticles indicated a considerable negative surface charge, suggesting good colloidal stability, which plays an essential role in maintaining the uniformity an‎d durability of the final structure. Furthermore, qualitative phenolic an‎d flavonoid assays on the Quercus infectoria extract verified the presence of antioxidant compounds responsible for its effective role in green synthesis. The release profile of riboflavin in a buffered medium at pH 8 (simulating an infected wound environment) exhibited a biphasic behavior: an initial burst release during the first 10 hours followed by a sustained release of about 60% over 48 hours, demonstrating the system’s efficiency in controlled an‎d stable drug delivery. The resulting hydrogel also showed good adhesion to the wound surface, high injectability, suitable flexibility, an‎d desirable structural stability. Overall, the designed bio-nanocomposite presents a highly biocompatible an‎d intelligent platform with significant potential for application in the treatment an‎d regeneration of complex wounds.

هيدروژل تزريقي , آلژينات , كاراگينان , نانوالياف نقره سولفاديازين , نانوذرات كلسيم پلي فسفات , ريبوفلاوين , ترميم زخم

injectable hydrogel , alginate , carrageenan , silver sulfadiazine nanofiber , calcium polyphosphate nanoparticles , riboflavin , wound healing

Fereshteh Peyro Hedayati

Dr. Mohamad reza Naimi-Jamal