Investigation of the morphology an‎d mechanical properties of biodegradable films based on CMC/PVA/starch

12/24/2026 12:00:00 AM

In this study, the morphological an‎d mechanical properties of biodegradable films consisting of three polymers: starch, polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) an‎d carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) as the main matrix were studied. The aim of studying these films is to produce a suitable alternative to traditional plastic films in the packaging industry due to their biodegradability. In this study, all films were prepared using the casting method. Different ratios of CMC, PVA an‎d starch were used to produce the films. The range of changes in the ratio of polymers in these 11 samples varied between 5% an‎d 75%, which showed that the composition an‎d ratio of polymers have a significant effect on the morphological an‎d mechanical properties of the films. To eva‎luate the performance of the films, tensile tests, Youngʹs modulus, strain at break, yield strength, FTIR, XRD, Archimedes density an‎d scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analyses were performed. The results showed that the composition of polymers had a significant effect on the final properties of the films. Increasing the percentage of PVA led to an increase in tensile strength (up to 25.49 MPa) an‎d Youngʹs modulus (up to 746.36 MPa), while increasing starch improved biodegradability but reduced mechanical properties. Two optimal samples, CPS3 an‎d CPS4, were identified. Sample CPS4 had 41% higher tensile strength, 82% higher Youngʹs modulus, an‎d 38% higher yield strength compared to the average of the other samples. Sample CPS3 also showed 35% higher tensile strength, 44% higher Youngʹs modulus, an‎d 15% higher yield strength. The strain at failure in both optimal samples was within the average range of the other samples, indicating a balance between stiffness an‎d flexibility. SEM analysis showed that films with higher CMC had a more uniform an‎d homogeneous surface, while higher starch percentages produced a denser an‎d more porous structure. FTIR an‎d XRD analyses also confirmed the physical interactions between the polymer components. Overall, the results of this study indicate that by optimizing the ratio of polymers, films with high strength, suitable flexibility, an‎d desirable biodegradability can be achieved, which are suitable for environmentally friendly packaging applications.

فيلم زيست تخريب پذير , پلي وينيل الكل , نشاسته , مورفولوژي , خواص مكانيكي , كربوكسي متيل سلولز

Biodegradable film , Polyvinyl alcohol , starch , morphology , mechanical properties , carboxymethyl cellulose

Anis Ghantabpoor

Dr. Fasihi